Peritoneal Dialysis what difference with Hemodialysis?

Peritoneal dialysis is an alternative to hemodialysis used to treat kidney failure, allowing the body to remove waste products and excess fluids through the lining of the abdomen, called the peritoneum. It uses the body’s natural filtering capabilities rather than a machine. Here’s how it works:

1. Catheter Placement: A soft tube, called a catheter, is surgically inserted into the abdomen (peritoneal cavity) to provide access for the dialysis solution.
2. Dialysis Solution: A sterile dialysis fluid (called dialysate) is infused into the peritoneal cavity through the catheter. The fluid contains substances that help draw waste, toxins, and excess fluids from the blood vessels lining the peritoneum.
3. Filtration: As the dialysate sits in the abdominal cavity, waste products and excess electrolytes (e.g., potassium, sodium) pass from the blood into the fluid through the peritoneal membrane.
4. Drainage: After a set period (usually several hours), the used dialysate, now containing waste and fluid, is drained from the abdomen and replaced with fresh fluid. This process is known as an exchange.

Types of Peritoneal Dialysis

1. Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): Exchanges are done manually throughout the day, with each exchange lasting about 30–40 minutes.
2. Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD): A machine called a cycler automatically performs the exchanges during the night while the patient sleeps.

Peritoneal dialysis can be done at home, and it offers more flexibility and independence than hemodialysis, making it an option for patients who prefer to manage their treatment at home. However, it may not be suitable for everyone, especially those with certain abdominal conditions.